Historical Document · 1920
John D. Pedersen's "mechanical movement" patent, filed 29 May 1917 and issued 12 October 1920, one of the four patents behind the Pedersen Device. Cited by the Pedersen Device dive.
J. D., PEDERSEN, MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1917. 1,355,418. Patented Oct. 12, 1920. 3. SHEETS-SHEET SS SR y -a letAir SW, f6 . i5 was SNs N s322 6fes& Azvez Zara e/2/272 A. Aeeterse/2, Ziy Zzza Cazzy, 242.4 J. D. PEDERSEN, MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. 1,355,418. APPLICATION FED MAY 29, 1917, Patented SEES-SHEET Oct. 12, 1920. 2. 22 2 NSN )N Zazzezzar: e/2/2/z Z2. Aegearsea, J, D, PEDERSEN, MECHANCAL MOVEMENT, APPLICATION FED MAY 29, 1917, 1,355,418. Patented 0ct, 12, 1920. 3 SHEES-SEET 3. 474. 72 7 séN 7 44%rade (ass n v WV 64 EYs n Asa Yrs N Y2 - Ss. N. 7e 3a. Az Zvez Zor: fré s/o Az Z2. Aeae-seiz lay 22s eazz, Afé4.4. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. JOHN ID, PEDERSEN, oF JACKSON, wYoMING. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. 1,355,418. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented oet. 12, 1920. Application filed May 29, 1917. Serial No. 171,663. is an end view of the member e as seen To all whom it may concern: 55 IBe it known that I, Ju.N. D. PEDERSEN,in.a from the right-hand in Fig. 5. Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are three views drawn on citizen of the United States, residin Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and State an enlarged scale for illustrating the mode of Wyoming, have invented certain new and of action, and the step-by-step operation of useful Improvements in Mechanical Move the slide-engaging and releasing devices ments, of which the following is a specifica when these are of the particular form and 60 arrangement shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. This invention relates to that class of me Fig.11 is a front view, similar to Fig. 2, 10 chanical movements which comprise devices. for illustrating a modification which is here whereby to control the operation of recipro inafter more fully explained. catalole members. Figs. 12, 18 and 14 are a series of similar 65 One of the principal objects in my present diagrams explanatory of certain features of invention is to provide an improved mecha the mechanism when this is arranged as in 15 nism in the nature of a mechanical move Figs. 2, 4, and 8 to 10. ment, which shall be applicable for control Similar reference characters designate like 70 ling a reciprocatable member-such as a parts in all the views. slide or analogous device-as regards the Referring to Figs. 1 to 10 of the drawings. locking and releasing thereof. further the several operative details are shown as 20 object is to furnish a mechanical device of Sembled on a frame, F, which may have, in the class indicated which shall be appli practice, various modifications inform and cable-by suitable adaptation of the form E. In the upper part thereof, said 75 and proportions thereof.--to certain kinds rame, or base-member, F, is shown as being of breech-loading guns, and when so applied provided with a slide-way, which in this in 25 shall be adapted for engaging, and releasing stance is circular in cross-section, but which, the reciprocatory breech-bolt in such a fire obviously, may be of other forms, (not 80 arm. This particular adaptation or applica shown). The slide.G is designated as the tion in my present improvements is illus main member, and is fitted to have in said trated in a copending application, Serial No. frame a reciprocatory movement to and 30 165,171, filed April 28th, 1917, for certain from a forward position-as in Fig. 2-and improvements in firearms. arearward, or retracted position, Fig. 4. In the accompanying drawings forming The slide G-in this instance shown of a 85 a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan bolt-like form-may be provided with an view of a preferred form of the mechanical arm or handle, 7, extending upwardly 35 movement, and illustrates one embodiment through the guide-slot 65, to serve as a han of the invention in a mechanism organized in dle whereby the slide may be retracted by 90 accordance with my present improvements. hand to said rearward position thereof. Fig. 2 is a front eleyation of the mecha As one suitable means for forwardly nism in the form thereof illustrated in Fig. actuating said slide-member, G, I have 40. 1; in this view a cover-plate-ast, Fig. 3, - shown this member provided with a bore or is omitted, and some parts are shown in sec chamber 7 in which is located a slide 95 actuating spring, 7, which reacts against tion. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the mecha an abutment that may consist of a pin, as nism as seen from the left-hand in Fig. 2. 17, fixed in the frame F and having one end 45 Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2, for show thereof extending through a slot, 18, formed ing the operating parts in a different posi in the slide G; thus the inner end of the tion, and for thereby more clearly illustrat pin 17 extends into said spring-chamber 100 ing the mode of operation of the details and and forms the desired abutment, as clearly of the mechanism considered as a whole. indicated in Fig. 3. Said slot 18 may be of 50 Fig. 5 is a side view of the locking-member such a length and location that the forward e, and is drawn on a scale twice that of said end or face thereof, as at 18, may serve as 105 member as shown in Figs, 2 and 4; Fig. 6 a stop-face for limiting the retraction of the is a section on line X', of Fig. 5; and, Fig. slide-see Fig. 4. tion. 1355,418 The slide locking and releasing mecha (retracted) to the position thereof shown in nism is preferably arranged adjacent to Fig. 9; when thus released, however, the the slide, as G, and in the form thereof lock e (unless otherwise controlled) will be herein shown consists of the principal mem quickly raised to its position in Fig. 10, by bers d and e, and the coöperating, or co a rotation of primary seard, since the faces 70 acting, member 3; for convenience of refer 7 and dare-in the preferable form here ence, these members are herein designated in shown-so inclined or shaped as to con by the same names, respectively, as in my stitute device, and thus to aforesaid prior application, viz.-the “sear operateaassear-actuating a sear retracting means, where 10 d” the “sear-locke,” and the “main sear by the seard will be actuated its 75 lever, 3.” These several members are shown slide-releasing position in Fig. (toward 10) by the located against a vertical wall surface forwardly acting pressure of the bolt or (Figs. 2, 3, 4) of the frame F, and may be slide G. Said face 7 is herein shown in held in place and protected by a cover plate, clined in an upwardly and forwardly direc 5 as t, which is shown in end view in Fig. 3, tion. For limiting the downward move 80 but is omitted from the other views. ment of the locke, this may be provided sear member, or slide-lock, d is shown of a with some suitable stopping means, such, lever-form construction and operably sup for instance, as the stop-face e arranged to ported for oscillation about a pivot pin, 6", strike the faced when the parts are in the 20 and the sear-lock e, about the similar pivot positions shown in Figs. 4 and 8. 6P. In practice, said pivot-pins may be in For further controlling the operation of 85 serted in holes formed in the members d the seard-and notwithstanding the above and e, but I prefer the bearing arrangement described direct mode of coaction thereof as shown because of the greater ease of as with the lock-member e-I have provided 25 sembling afforded thereby. A stop-pin, as a further improvement, as follows: The 90 6", may be located for coöperating with the sear-lever 3, (which is the secondary sear pivot 6" to hold the seard in working posi device), is shown pivoted at 3 to the frame tion. F, and may be strongly actuated by some The seard may be operated on its pivot suitable spring, as 3. The point 3 of the 30 6" into the bolt-engaging position thereof, lever 3 will thus normally be kept raised 95 SEF, 4, 8), by some directly-acting spring, up to its position in Fig. 9, and will then not shown), to be suitably arranged there engage forwardly of the operating arm d for. In the present instance, however, the of the seard, and will do this at a time when means appurtenant to said lockere, where this sear has been turned only a slight dis 35 by said sear-actuation is effected, consists tance, as from its position in Figs. 4, 8, to OO of the sear-lock-actuating spring, e”, act its position in Fig. 9. Said position, Fig. ing through the sear-lock membere. The 9, is thus the ready-to-release position of spring eis or may be carried on a guide the slide-locking mechanism; in this posi rod, e, slidably mounted in the lock mem tion of the mechanism, said secondary sear 40 bere, and bearing against the frame face device holds the primary sear member d, 05 6", which thus serves as an abutment. against disengagement from the main For convenience of manufacture and as member G. sembling, the member e is preferably When the several members are in the po formed with a recess, 5", for said spring ef, sition illustrated in Fig. 9, the operator by 45 and with bearings, 5", 5’, for the rode the drawing the lever member 3 downwardly to bearing 5’ extends into a relief-space, 5'-- the position thereof in Figs. 2 and 10, there 110 see Figs. 5, 6, 7-and should be larger than by permits the forwardly-acting force of rod or stem e', for permitting this stem to the G (acting through said actuation be slipped into place from an oblique posi face,slide 7e) to further turn or depress the sear 50 tion, in a well-known manner. d-Fig. 10; this releases the slide G, which ll 5 The sear-lock e is a combined sear will then be carried forward by its spring 7. actuator and sear-locker, and is preferably to the positions thereof indicated in Figs. supported on the pivot or pin 6P, so that the 10 and 2. Thus the end 3° of said spring e” will continuously tend to force lever 3, may be said topoint constitute a second 55 down the sear-engaging end e, which thus sear device with relation to the member 120 bears on the face d of the retracted sear, daryconsidered an intermediate slide-lock. (Fig. 10), for thereby turning the sear to By the action as here explained, the forwardly the position thereof in Fig. 8; this slide actuated and reciprocatable main member, engaging stroke of the seard is limited by G, is allowed to release itself by its face 7 60 the stop 6. When said slide-locking opera actuating and retracting the primary seard. 25 tion takes place, the lock-end e' comes for As a convenient means whereby to retract ward of the faced of the operating arm of the sear-end, 3, of the lever 3 in the manner the seard, thereby blocking (or “locking') above indicated, I have shown herein a sim the searin said slide-engaging positionthere 65 of (Fig. 8) until the lock e shall be raised ple form of trigger device, 4, which may consist of a lever turning upon a pivot, as 130 s 1855,418 3. 4, and provided with an arm, 4', engaging to the pivots 6 and 6 and the several co faces, as occurring when the in a slot, 3, of said main sear-lever 3. A acting bearing are in position as in Fig. 8; Fig. stop, as 40, may be located for properly lim members 13 similarly illustrates the same features as iting the retractive stroke of said members indicated in Fig. 9; Fig. 14, shows the dia 70 3 and 4. Also, the trigger or lever 4 may grams of Fig. 12 and 13 combined into one be provided with a finger piece, or, with a diagram. In Fig. 13, the line 9 normal handle, as 42, whereby to operate this lever to the line 9, and line 7 parallel to face 7e, device. The lever 4 is indicated as being in form an angle indicated by arc 9, for in 75 the same position in Figs. 2 and 10; as dicating the actuation effect of said face 7; shown by the solid lines in Fig. 4, said O angle, 9, of course, must be greater levers 4 and 3 correspond with the position said in practice, than the angle-of-repose which of member 3 in Fig. 8; as shown by dotted appertain to the faces 7 and d. (see lines in Fig. 4, said trigger-lever 4 corre may Fig. 9) in any given instance. sponds with the position of sear-lever 8 in InIn Fi Figs. 12 and 14, the line 9 indicates 80 5 Fig. 9. direct or normal line of action-or line Figs. 2 and 4, the member 3 is shown the of force-between the inclined face 7e and pivotally supported, and of a form and ar pivot 6°. In Figs. 13 and 14, the line 9 rangement similar to the pivoted lever-form sears used in well-known kinds of firearm indicates the similar line of force between 85 20 mechanisms. For the purposes of my pres said face 7 and the pivot 3". However, in Figs. 12, 14, the actual path of the force ent improvements, however, said member 3 from 7 to pivot 6P is by way of the may be modified in construction and may point face e, and on the lines 9 and 9, thus be arranged in the form of a slide, while showing the low triangle of force-lines, (of 90 retaining in the mechanism the same func 25 tions and operative relations as already de which line 9 is the base and point 6 the from 7 to e', also showing these scribed. One such modification and ar apex) features with relation to the line of centers rangement is illustrated in Fig. 11, which the triangle 6", e", 6", and the non-par is a view similar to Fig. 2, and in which 9, 30 is a slide-form of the member 3. By allel positions relative to each other of the 95 30 comparison, it will be evident that the point faces at 7 and e'. In Fig. 14, a fragmen e, of the sear-lock, is shown super end 3, Fig. 11, is the same in all material tary part, on a corresponding part 3, of the sec respects as the point-end 3° in Figs. 8, 9, 10, posed sear 3, thus showing how the po so far as involving the direct coaction with ondary the coacting portions d' and e' of the sear sition of face e relative to pivot 6P is 100 35 and sear-lock members d and e, respectively. similar to the position of face 3° relative to 3"; in each case, however, the relation Thus the mechanism, whether arranged as pivot line 9 to face 7 and pivot 6", remains in Figs. 2 and 4, or as in Fig. 11, may be of unchanged. From the proportions of the said to comprise a compound sear-device triangles, is evident that the principal which includes a primary-sear, (as d, for part of theitforce exerted by face 7 will be 105 40 directly engaging the reciprocatable mem ber, as G), and a secondary sear, (as 3, for transmitted to pivot 6", and only a small engaging and releasing the primary sear), part to face e' (Fig. 12) or to face 3', and in which the secondary sear-member is (Fig.aving 13). a combined sear-lock-retractor and primary claim:- thus described my invention, I O 45 sear-locker. Also, it should be noted that 1. The combination with a forwardly ac the releasing of the retracted slide, G, is ef tuated main member having a sear-engaging fected by a two-stage sear-retractive action, and sear-actuating face; a lever-form sear the means for which-in the present in member having a sear-face in position for 15 stance-comprises the sear-lock e and a engaging forwardly of said face of the main 50 member such as the lever, 3, or an equivalent member when this member is in a retracted therefor. The hereindescribed pivotally supported position, and also having a sear-arm; a sear actuator-and-locker in position and arrangement of the member 3 has the ad member vantage of sustaining the pressure of the operable for actuating the sear-member into 20 55 arm d without creating so much friction as said engagement with the main member, and for thereupon also locking the sear with the described slide-form thereof, and member in its said engaging position; and, hence the direction and locations of the force-lines which occur within the mecha a secondary sear-device in position and op nism are deemed to be much more favorable. erable, (on one stroke thereof) for retract 25 60 These features of the cinematics of the ing said actuator-and-locker and thereupon mechanism are further illustrated in the engaging with said sear-arm, and for (on a reverse stroke thereof) disengaging from . diagrams, Figs. 12, 13 and 14, which are said sear-arm and thereby permit the main drawn and arranged in a well-known man member to actuate the sear-member out of 130 ner. Of these diagrams, Fig. 12 illustrates its engagement therewith. 65 certain of the lines of force, with relation 1855,418 2. The combination with a forwardly ac slide actuating means; a primary sear for tuated main member having an upwardly engaging said slide face when the slide is in and forwardly inclined sear-engaging and a retracted position; a sear-lock for engag Sear-actuating face; an operably supported ing the primary sear and locking it into en sear-member having a sear-face in position gagement with the slide when this is in a 70 for engaging forwardly of said face of the retracted position; and, a combined sec main member when this member is in a re ondary sear and sear-lock retractor in posi tracted position, and also having a sear tion and arranged for first retracting the arm; a sear-member actuator-and-locker in sear-lock and then holding the slide re 10 position and operable for actuating the sear tracted by acting through the primary sear 75 member into said engagement with the main as an intermediate member. member, and for thereupon also locking the 6. In a mechanical movement of the char sear-member in its said engaging position; acter described, in combination, a slide hav and, a secondary sear-device in position and ing a sear-engaging face and provided with 15 operable (on one stroke thereof) for re slide actuating means; a primary sear piv 80 tracting said actuator-and-locker and there otally supported in position for engaging upon engaging said sear-arm, and for (on said slide-face when the slide is in a re a reverse stroke thereof) disengaging said tracted position; a sear-actuating sear lock Sear-arm and thereby permit said sear-ac arranged for engaging the primary sear 20 tuating face to retract the sear-member from and for locking it into engagement with the 85 its engagement with the main member. slide when this is in a retracted position; 3. In a mechanical movement comprising means for actuating the sear lock in a sear a reciprocatable main member, and means actuating direction; and, a combined sec for forwardly actuating said main member, ondary sear and sear-lock retractor in posi 25 the combination with the main member, of tion and arranged for first actuating the 90 a sear-member having an operating arm sear-lock in a sear-releasing direction and and operably supported in position for en then holding the slide retracted by acting gaging the main member when this member through the primary sear as an intermediate is in a retracted position; a combined sear member. 30 actuator and sear locker in position and op 7. The combination with a reciprocatable 95 main member which is retractable to a sear erable for first actuating said operating arm to a position for thereby engaging the sear engaging position; a primary Sear having a member with the main member, and for next Sear-face in position for engaging with the locking the operating arm in said posi main member when this member is in a re 35 tion; and, a secondary sear-device in posi tracted position, and also having a sear 100 tion and operable on one stroke thereof arm; a combined sear-actuator and locker for retracting said combined actuator and in position and operable for actuating the locker and thereupon by engaging said op sear into engagement with the main mem erating arm holding the sear-member against ber, and then locking the sear in said en 40 disengagement from the main member. gaging position; and, a secondary sear in 05 4. In a mechanical movement comprising position and operable on a stroke, thereof a reciprocatable main member, and means in one-direction for retracting said actuator for forwardly actuating said main member, and-locker and for thereupon by engaging the combination with the main member, of said sear-arm continuing the locking of the 45 a sear-member having an operating arm and sear in engagement with the main member. O operably supported in position for engaging 8. The combination with a reciprocatable the main member when this member is in main member which is retractable to a sear a retracted position; a combined sear actu engaging position; a primary sear operably ator and sear locker in position and oper supported adjacent to said main member 50 able for first actuating said operating arm and having a sear-face in position for en 5 to a position for thereby engaging the sear gaging with the main member when this member with the main member, and for member is in a retracted position, and also next locking the operating arm in said po having a sear-arm; a sear-lock in position sition; means appurtenant to the said com and operable for locking the searin said 55 bined actuator and locker for actuating this engaging position; and, a reciprocatable de 20 member toward the arm-locking position vice in position and operable for retracting thereof; and, a secondary sear-device in po said sear-lock and thereupon by engaging sition and operable for retracting said com said sear-arm holding the sear in engage bined actuator and locker and thereupon by ment with the main member. 60 engaging, said operating arm holding the 9. The combination with a reciprocatable 25 sear-member against disengagement from the main member which is retractable to a sear main member. engaging position; a primary sear pivotally 5. In a mechanical movement of the char supported adjacent to said main member acter described, in combination, a slide hav and having a sear-face in position for en 65 ing a sear-engaging face and provided with gaging with the main member when this 30 1855,418 is engagement of the sear with the main member is in a retracted position, and also the having a sear-arm; a sear lock pivotally member. supported in position for locking the sear JOHN D. PEDERSEN. in said engaging position thereof; and, a Witnesses: secondary sear pivotally supported in posi tion for retracting said sear-lock and there upon by engaging said sear-arm prolonging E. C. GILBERT, L. E. WETMORE.