ANSI/SAAMI Z299.4-2015 — Centerfire Rifle Ammunition (Voluntary Industry Performance Standards)
ANSI/SAAMI Z299.4 – 2015
American National Standard
Voluntary Industry Performance Standards
for Pressure and Velocity
of Centerfire Rifle Ammunition
for the Use of Commercial Manufacturers
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American National Standards Institute
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New York, NY 10036
Tel: 212 642-4900 Fax: 212 398-0023
ANSI/SAAMI
Z299.4 – 2015
American National Standard
Voluntary Industry Performance Standards
for Pressure and Velocity
of Centerfire Rifle Ammunition
for the Use of Commercial Manufacturers
Sponsor
Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute, Inc.
Members
Beretta USA Corporation
Broadsword Group LLC
Browning Arms Company
CCI/Speer Ammunition
Colt’s Manufacturing Company LLC
COR-BON/Glaser LLC
Federal Cartridge Company
Fiocchi of America, Inc.
Glock
Hodgdon Powder Company
Hornady Manufacturing Company
Kahr Arms
Associate Members:
Alliant Powder
Nosler, Inc
Ruag Ammotech USA, Inc.
Savage Arms, Inc.
Supporting Members:
Advanced Tactical Armament Concepts, LLC
Barnes Bullets, LLC
Black Hills Ammunition, Inc.
Doubletap Ammunition, Inc.
Kent Cartridge, America
Knight Rifles
LCT Pro Shop
One Shot, Inc.
ProGrade Ammo Group LLC
Southern Ballistic Research, LLC d/b/a SBR
Approved [TBD]
American National Standards Institute
Marlin Firearms Company
North American Arms, Inc.
O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc.
Olin Corporation/Winchester Division
Remington Arms Company, LLC
SIG SAUER, Inc.
Smith & Wesson Holding Corp.
St. Marks Powder, Inc.
Sturm, Ruger & Co., Inc.
Taurus Holdings, Inc.
Weatherby, Inc.
Abstract
In the interests of safety and interchangeability, this Standard provides pressure and velocity
performance and dimensional characteristics for centerfire rifle sporting ammunition. Included
are procedures and equipment for determining these criteria.
American
National
Standard
Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the
requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by
the standards developer.
Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review,
substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests.
Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily
unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a
concerted effort be made toward their resolution.
The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not
in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from
manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not
conforming to the standards.
The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no
circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no
person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National
Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for
interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on
the title page of this standard.
CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any
time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be
taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of
approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information of
all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute.
Published by
Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute, Inc.
Flintlock Ridge Office Center
11 Mile Hill Road, Newtown, Connecticut 06470-2359
Copyright © 2015 by
Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute, Inc.
All rights Reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form,
in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without
the prior written permission of the publisher.
Printed in the United States of America
(This foreword is not part of the American National Standard Z299.4)
Foreword
The development of this voluntary industry performance standard was initiated under the
auspices of the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute, Inc. (SAAMI). A
Products Standards Task Force was established by the Institute in 1975 and charged with the
drafting of this and other standards with their subsequent periodic revisions.
The material presented provides the commercial manufacturer of factory-loaded ammunition
with pressure and velocity performance and dimensional characteristics. Included are
procedures and equipment for determining these criteria. For the purpose of this standard a
commercial manufacturer is defined as one who produces ammunition by fabricating
component parts from raw materials as opposed to remanufacture with parts originally made
by others.
This standard for Centerfire Rifle Sporting Ammunition was first published in 1979 and
periodically updated until this revision in 2015. Changes in the standard with each revision
include minor adjustments of velocities, the addition of new load offerings, and updating of
recommended equipment sources and the latest procedures for reporting reference
ammunition assessments.
Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to: The
Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute, Inc., Flintlock Ridge Office Center, 11
Mile Hill Road, Newtown, Connecticut 06470-2359.
Consensus for this standard was achieved by use of the Canvass Method.
The following individuals and organizations recognized as having an interest in the
standardization of safety requirements for factory-loaded sporting ammunition were contacted
prior to the approval of this standard. Inclusion in this list does not necessarily imply that the
individual or organization concurred with the submittal of the standard to ANSI:
Aberdeen Proving Grounds – P. Donahue
Association of Firearm and Toolmark Examiners – L. Haag
Association of Firearm and Toolmark Examiners – J. Hamby, M.A.
Boone Ballistics, LLC – B. Boone
BPI Outdoors/Bergara Barrel and Custom Rifle Division – M. Hendricks
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives – E. Griffith
Department of Homeland Security; National Armory – L. Johnson
Federal Bureau of Investigation – A. S. Patterson
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) – C. Nester, Jr
Forensic Ammunition Service – G. Kass
H.P. White Laboratory – W. Mason
H-S Precision, Inc – T. Houghton
Independent Author, Editor and Firearms Manufacturer - R. Cofield
Independent Expert – K. Kees
Manson Precision Reamers; Division of Loon Lake Precision – D. Manson
Massachusetts Institute of Firearms Technology – C. Hildebrandt
National Institute of Standards & Technology – K. Rice
Natural Resources – Canada – R. Bowes
PCB Piezotronics – R. Metz
Royal Canadian Mounted Police – R. Poaps
Western Powders – D. Luhr
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CENTERFIRE RIFLE
SAAMI VOLUNTARY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I – CHARACTERISTICS
PAGE
Cartridges and Chambers
Full and Abbreviated Names ......................................................................................1
Velocity & Pressure
Velocity Data Interpretation .......................................................................................5
Factors Affecting Pressure Measurements..................................................................6
Explanation of Pressure Terminology ........................................................................8
Explanation of Pressure Measuring Systems ............................................................10
Velocity & Pressure Data – Crusher .........................................................................11
Velocity & Pressure Data – Transducer....................................................................23
Bullet Type Abbreviations ........................................................................................35
Primer
Primers and Primer Pockets ......................................................................................36
Cartridge and Chamber Drawings
6 x 45mm ..................................................................................................................37
6mm Remington........................................................................................................38
6.5 Creedmoor...........................................................................................................39
6.5 Grendel ................................................................................................................40
6.5 x 55 Swedish .......................................................................................................41
6.8mm Remington SPC ............................................................................................42
7mm Mauser (7x57) ..................................................................................................43
7mm Remington Magnum ........................................................................................44
7mm Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum .........................................................45
7mm Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................46
7mm Shooting Times Westerner ..............................................................................47
7mm Weatherby Magnum ........................................................................................48
7mm Winchester Short Magnum ..............................................................................49
7mm-08 Remington ..................................................................................................50
7 x 64 Brenneke ........................................................................................................51
7-30 Waters ...............................................................................................................52
7.62 x 39....................................................................................................................53
8mm Mauser (8 x 57) ................................................................................................54
8mm Remington Magnum ........................................................................................55
9.3 x 62......................................................................................................................56
17 Hornet ..................................................................................................................57
17 Remington ............................................................................................................58
17 Remington Fireball ..............................................................................................59
204 Ruger ..................................................................................................................60
218 Bee .....................................................................................................................61
22 Hornet ..................................................................................................................62
22-250 Remington ....................................................................................................63
220 Swift ...................................................................................................................64
221 Remington Fireball ............................................................................................65
222 Remington ..........................................................................................................66
222 Remington Magnum ..........................................................................................67
223 Remington ..........................................................................................................68
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CENTERFIRE RIFLE
SAAMI VOLUNTARY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
223 Winchester Super Short Magnum ......................................................................69
225 Winchester .........................................................................................................70
243 Winchester .........................................................................................................71
243 Winchester Super Short Magnum ......................................................................72
25 Winchester Super Short Magnum ........................................................................73
25-06 Remington ......................................................................................................74
25-20 Winchester ......................................................................................................75
25-35 Winchester ......................................................................................................76
250 Savage ................................................................................................................77
257 Roberts ...............................................................................................................78
257 Roberts +P..........................................................................................................78
257 Weatherby Magnum...........................................................................................79
26 Nosler ...................................................................................................................80
260 Remington ..........................................................................................................81
264 Winchester Magnum ..........................................................................................82
27 Nosler ...................................................................................................................83
270 Weatherby Magnum...........................................................................................84
270 Winchester .........................................................................................................85
270 Winchester Short Magnum ................................................................................86
28 Nosler ...................................................................................................................87
280 Ackley Improved ...............................................................................................88
280 Remington ..........................................................................................................89
284 Winchester .........................................................................................................90
30 Carbine .................................................................................................................91
30 Nosler ...................................................................................................................92
30 Remington AR .....................................................................................................93
30 Thompson Center .................................................................................................94
30-06 Springfield ......................................................................................................95
30-30 Winchester ......................................................................................................96
30-40 Krag ................................................................................................................97
300 AAC Blackout ....................................................................................................98
300 Holland & Holland Magnum .............................................................................99
300 Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum..........................................................100
300 Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................101
300 Ruger Compact Magnum .................................................................................102
300 Savage ..............................................................................................................103
300 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................104
300 Winchester Magnum ........................................................................................105
300 Winchester Short Magnum ..............................................................................106
303 British ...............................................................................................................107
307 Winchester .......................................................................................................108
308 Marlin Express .................................................................................................109
308 Winchester .......................................................................................................110
32 Winchester Special.............................................................................................111
32-20 Winchester ....................................................................................................112
325 Winchester Short Magnum ..............................................................................113
33 Nosler .................................................................................................................114
338 Federal..............................................................................................................115
338 Lapua Magnum ................................................................................................116
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CENTERFIRE RIFLE
SAAMI VOLUNTARY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
338 Marlin Express .................................................................................................117
338 Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................118
338 Ruger Compact Magnum .................................................................................119
338 Winchester Magnum ........................................................................................120
340 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................121
348 Winchester .......................................................................................................122
35 Nosler .................................................................................................................123
35 Remington ..........................................................................................................124
35 Whelen ...............................................................................................................125
350 Remington Magnum ........................................................................................126
356 Winchester .......................................................................................................127
358 Winchester .......................................................................................................128
36 Nosler .................................................................................................................129
370 Sako Magnum ..................................................................................................130
375 Holland & Holland Magnum ...........................................................................131
375 Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................132
375 Ruger ................................................................................................................133
375 Winchester .......................................................................................................134
376 Steyr .................................................................................................................135
38-40 Winchester ....................................................................................................136
38-55 Winchester ....................................................................................................137
405 Winchester .......................................................................................................138
416 Remington Magnum ........................................................................................139
416 Rigby ................................................................................................................140
416 Ruger ................................................................................................................141
416 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................142
44 Remington Magnum ..........................................................................................143
44-40 Winchester ....................................................................................................144
444 Marlin ...............................................................................................................145
45-70 Government ..................................................................................................146
450 Bushmaster .......................................................................................................147
450 Marlin ...............................................................................................................148
457 Wild West Guns ...............................................................................................149
458 Lott ...................................................................................................................150
458 Winchester Magnum ........................................................................................151
470 Nitro Express ...................................................................................................152
475 Turnbull............................................................................................................153
500 Nitro Express 3” ...............................................................................................154
Miscellaneous
Dummy Cartridge – Gun Functioning ....................................................................155
Dummy Cartridge – Display ...................................................................................156
Tolerance – Bullet Weight ......................................................................................157
SECTION II - PROCEDURES
Velocity and Pressure
Procedure: Velocity & Copper Crusher Pressure Testing .....................................158
Velocity & Pressure Barrels: Qualification ...........................................................164
Velocity & Pressure Barrels: Mounting in Receivers ............................................165
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CENTERFIRE RIFLE
SAAMI VOLUNTARY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Procedure: Use of Piston Hole Gauges ..................................................................166
Procedure: Piezoelectric Transducer Calibration...................................................167
Transducer Calibration: Increments and Ranges ...................................................170
Transducer Calibration: Equipment Interconnection .............................................175
Transducer Calibration: Least Square Line Computation .....................................176
Firing Test: Equipment Interconnection ................................................................178
Reference Ammunition
Use ..........................................................................................................................180
Secondary Reference Ammunition .........................................................................182
New Lots .................................................................................................................183
Identification Protocol ............................................................................................186
Periodic Assessment ...............................................................................................187
SECTION III – EQUIPMENT
Equipment: Velocity & Copper Crusher Pressure Testing .............................................191
Equipment: Velocity & Conformal Piezoelectric Pressure Testing ...............................193
Copper Crushers
Usage of Crusher Cylinders in Pressure Testing ....................................................195
Sample Tarage Tables .............................................................................................196
Crusher Cylinders: Dimensions .............................................................................198
Gas Checks
Equipment: 0.146” and 0.206” Gas Checks...........................................................200
Equipment: Gas Check Tools – Seating and Knockout .........................................201
Pistons & Piston Holes
Equipment: Pistons and Piston Holes ....................................................................202
Equipment: Piston Hole Gauges ............................................................................209
Piston Oil – Piston and Gas Check .........................................................................211
Headspace Gauges
Headspace Gauges ..................................................................................................212
Reference Ammunition
Equipment: Reference Ammunition Supply ..........................................................221
Equipment: Reference Ammunition Order Procedure ...........................................222
Miscellaneous
Supplier Contact Information .................................................................................223
Equipment: Schematic Layout of Velocity Screens ..............................................224
Equipment: Universal Receiver Collar and Test Barrel ........................................225
Universal Receiver Test Barrel: Installation of Pressure Transducers ..................227
Equipment: Transducer Calibration Fixture Plug with O-ring Seal ......................229
Transducer Location Criteria ..................................................................................230
Standard V&P Test Barrels - General
Procedures for Dimensioning Chambers ................................................................231
Procedures for Measuring Barrel Length ................................................................232
Standard Velocity and Pressure Test Barrels
6 x 45mm ................................................................................................................233
6mm Remington......................................................................................................234
6.5 Creedmoor.........................................................................................................235
6.5 Grendel ..............................................................................................................236
6.5 x 55 Swedish .....................................................................................................237
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CENTERFIRE RIFLE
SAAMI VOLUNTARY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
6.8mm Remington SPC ..........................................................................................238
7mm Mauser (7x57) ................................................................................................239
7mm Remington Magnum ......................................................................................240
7mm Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum .......................................................241
7mm Remington Ultra Magnum .............................................................................242
7mm Shooting Times Westerner ............................................................................243
7mm Weatherby Magnum ......................................................................................244
7mm Winchester Short Magnum ............................................................................245
7mm-08 Remington ................................................................................................246
7 x 64 Brenneke ......................................................................................................247
7-30 Waters .............................................................................................................248
7.62 x 39..................................................................................................................249
8mm Mauser (8 x 57) ..............................................................................................250
8mm Remington Magnum ......................................................................................251
9.3 x 62....................................................................................................................252
17 Hornet ................................................................................................................253
17 Remington ..........................................................................................................254
17 Remington Fireball ............................................................................................255
204 Ruger ................................................................................................................256
218 Bee ...................................................................................................................257
22 Hornet ................................................................................................................258
22-250 Remington ..................................................................................................259
220 Swift .................................................................................................................260
221 Remington Fireball ..........................................................................................261
222 Remington ........................................................................................................262
222 Remington Magnum ........................................................................................263
223 Remington ........................................................................................................264
223 Winchester Super Short Magnum ....................................................................265
225 Winchester .......................................................................................................266
243 Winchester .......................................................................................................267
243 Winchester Super Short Magnum ....................................................................268
25 Winchester Super Short Magnum ......................................................................269
25-06 Remington ....................................................................................................270
25-20 Winchester ....................................................................................................271
25-35 Winchester ....................................................................................................272
250 Savage ..............................................................................................................273
257 Roberts .............................................................................................................274
257 Roberts +P........................................................................................................274
257 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................275
26 Nosler .................................................................................................................276
260 Remington ........................................................................................................277
264 Winchester Magnum ........................................................................................278
27 Nosler .................................................................................................................279
270 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................280
270 Winchester .......................................................................................................281
270 Winchester Short Magnum ..............................................................................282
28 Nosler .................................................................................................................283
280 Ackley Improved .............................................................................................284
280 Remington ........................................................................................................285
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CENTERFIRE RIFLE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
284 Winchester .......................................................................................................286
30 Carbine ...............................................................................................................287
30 Nosler .................................................................................................................288
30 Remington AR ...................................................................................................289
30 Thompson Center ...............................................................................................290
30-06 Springfield ....................................................................................................291
30-30 Winchester ....................................................................................................292
30-40 Krag ..............................................................................................................293
300 AAC Blackout ..................................................................................................294
300 Holland & Holland Magnum ...........................................................................295
300 Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum..........................................................296
300 Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................297
300 Ruger Compact Magnum .................................................................................298
300 Savage ..............................................................................................................299
300 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................300
300 Winchester Magnum ........................................................................................301
300 Winchester Short Magnum ..............................................................................302
303 British ...............................................................................................................303
307 Winchester .......................................................................................................304
308 Marlin Express .................................................................................................305
308 Winchester .......................................................................................................306
32 Winchester Special.............................................................................................307
32-20 Winchester ....................................................................................................308
325 Winchester Short Magnum ..............................................................................309
33 Nosler .................................................................................................................310
338 Federal..............................................................................................................311
338 Lapua Magnum ................................................................................................312
338 Marlin Express .................................................................................................313
338 Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................314
338 Ruger Compact Magnum .................................................................................315
338 Winchester Magnum ........................................................................................316
340 Weatherby Magnum.........................................................................................317
348 Winchester .......................................................................................................318
35 Nosler .................................................................................................................319
35 Remington ..........................................................................................................320
35 Whelen ...............................................................................................................321
350 Remington Magnum ........................................................................................322
356 Winchester .......................................................................................................323
358 Winchester .......................................................................................................324
36 Nosler .................................................................................................................325
370 Sako Magnum ..................................................................................................326
375 Holland & Holland Magnum ...........................................................................327
375 Remington Ultra Magnum ...............................................................................328
375 Ruger ................................................................................................................329
375 Winchester .......................................................................................................330
376 Steyr .................................................................................................................331
38-40 Winchester ....................................................................................................332
38-55 Winchester ....................................................................................................333
405 Winchester .......................................................................................................334
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CENTERFIRE RIFLE
SAAMI VOLUNTARY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
416 Remington Magnum ........................................................................................335
416 Rigby ................................................................................................................336
416 Ruger ................................................................................................................337
416 Weatherby Magnum......................................................................